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Belgium traffic law report

Source agencySPF Mobilité et Transports / FOD Mobiliteit en Vervoer

Last updated18 February 2026

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Key findings

Theory test pass rate is ~55% (2023, GOCA / Regional exam centres)
Road fatalities: 501 deaths in 2023 — Decreasing - down 10% from 2019; target of max 350 deaths by 2030
~250,000 tests administered per year by SPF Mobilité et Transports / FOD Mobiliteit en Vervoer
Most challenging topic: Regional Rule Differences (33% fail rate)

Quick facts

Theory test format50 questions, computer-based, must score at least 41/50

Three licensing systemsFlanders, Wallonia, and Brussels each have separate exam centres and rules

No points systemBelgium relies on fines and license suspensions instead of penalty points

Default urban speed30 km/h in Brussels; 50 km/h in Flanders and Wallonia

License validity10 years

Total cost estimateEUR 1,500-2,500 for full license (varies by region)

Test statistics

Pass rate65% or higher50–64%Below 50%

Theory test pass rate

~55%GOCA / Regional exam centres (2023)

Practical test pass rate

~48%GOCA / Regional exam centres (2023)

Tests administered per year

~250,000SPF Mobilité (2023)

Speed limits

Urban30-50 km/h (30 default in Brussels; 50 in Flanders and Wallonia)

Rural / national roads70-90 km/h (varies by region)

Motorway / highway120 km/h

Most challenging topics

1. Regional Rule Differences
33% fail rate
Three regions (Flanders, Wallonia, Brussels) with different speed limits and licensing procedures
2. Priority Rules
29% fail rate
Priorité de droite (right-hand priority) applied broadly in urban areas
3. Speed Zones
25% fail rate
Variable default speeds by region: 30 km/h (Brussels), 50 km/h (Flanders), 30-50 km/h (Wallonia)
4. Signage & Road Markings
21% fail rate
Trilingual signage in some areas (Dutch, French, German) and EU-standard signs

Road safety

Road fatalities501 deathsVIAS Institute (2023)

TrendDecreasing - down 10% from 2019; target of max 350 deaths by 2030

Penalties & fines

Speeding: EUR 53-303+ fine (perception fines); 30+ km/h over: court summons with EUR 80-4,000 fine + license suspension
Driving under influence: BAC 0.5‰; EUR 179-12,000 fine; 1.5‰+: 1-5 years license suspension and possible imprisonment
Points system: No point system in Belgium; penalties are fines, license suspensions, and mandatory courses
Mobile phone use: EUR 174 fine (perception fine, immediate payment)

Recent law changes

2024
Low Emission Zone expanded in Brussels and Antwerp with stricter vehicle standards
2023
Flanders updates practical driving test with eco-driving evaluation component
2021
Brussels Region implements 30 km/h default city-wide speed limit

Sources & methodology

All statistics in this report are sourced from official government agencies and publicly available data. AutoviaTest is an independent educational platform and is not affiliated with any government testing agency.

Data last verified: 2026-02-18

Primary sources

Test statistics · 2023GOCA / Regional exam centres Road safety data · 2023VIAS Institute Official regulatory bodySPF Mobilité et Transports / FOD Mobiliteit en Vervoer

Cite this report

AutoviaTest. (2026, February 18). Belgium traffic law report: Driving test statistics. https://autoviatest.com/en/traffic-law-reports/belgium

Embed this data

Belgium Driving Stats

Theory pass rate~55%Practical pass rate~48%Motorway speed limit120 km/hRoad fatalities (2023)501 deaths

Source: AutoviaTest | CC BY 4.0

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