Moving to Spain and wondering what to do about your driving license? You're not alone. Every year, thousands of expats face this exact question. The good news? Depending on where your license is from, you might be able to simply exchange it for a Spanish one without taking any tests. The not-so-good news? If your country doesn't have an agreement with Spain, you'll need to go through the full process of getting a Spanish license. This guide covers everything - from countries with direct exchange agreements to exactly what you'll need to do if your license doesn't qualify.
Countries That Can Directly Exchange Their License
If your driving license was issued by one of these countries, congratulations! You can exchange it directly for a Spanish license without taking any driving tests. You'll still need to complete some paperwork, but it's a straightforward administrative process.
EU/EEA Countries (Full Exchange)
All European Union and European Economic Area countries have automatic recognition. Your license remains valid in Spain, but you can also exchange it for a Spanish one if you prefer.
Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Liechtenstein, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Sweden
Countries with Bilateral Agreements
Spain has signed agreements with these countries allowing direct license exchange. The process is similar to EU exchanges but may have specific requirements.
Andorra, Algeria, Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, Philippines, Guatemala, Japan, South Korea, Morocco, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Serbia, Switzerland, Turkey, Ukraine, Uruguay, Venezuela
Special Case: United Kingdom
Post-Brexit, UK licenses can still be exchanged in Spain under a bilateral agreement signed in 2023. UK license holders have the same exchange rights as countries with bilateral agreements.
Countries Without Direct Exchange
If your country isn't listed above, you'll need to obtain a Spanish driving license through the regular process. This means taking both the theory and practical driving tests. Here are some notable countries without exchange agreements:
United States (all states), Canada (all provinces), Australia, New Zealand, China, India, Pakistan, Russia, Mexico, South Africa, Thailand, Vietnam, Indonesia, Malaysia, Singapore, Hong Kong, Taiwan, Israel, Egypt, Saudi Arabia, UAE, Qatar, Kuwait
Important: Even without an exchange agreement, your foreign license allows you to drive in Spain for up to 6 months as a tourist. If you become a resident, you have 6 months from your residency date to obtain a Spanish license.
How to Exchange Your License (If Eligible)
If your country qualifies for direct exchange, here's what you need to do:
Get Your Medical Certificate
Visit any Centro de Reconocimiento de Conductores (authorized medical center). The examination includes vision tests, basic physical coordination, and a general health assessment. Cost: approximately €30-50. The certificate is valid for 90 days.
Gather Required Documents
You'll need: Your original foreign driving license, Valid passport or NIE/TIE (residence card), Empadronamiento (proof of address registration), Recent passport-sized photos (32x26mm), Medical certificate, Completed application form (available at the traffic office or online)
Book an Appointment at the DGT
Schedule an appointment at your local Jefatura Provincial de Tráfico through the DGT website (sede.dgt.gob.es). Appointments can be several weeks out, so book early.
Attend Your Appointment
Bring all documents to your appointment. The officer will verify your documents and your license authenticity. If everything is in order, your foreign license will be retained and you'll receive a temporary permit valid for 3 months.
Receive Your Spanish License
Your new Spanish driving license will be mailed to your registered address within 1-2 months. Once received, you're fully licensed to drive in Spain and throughout the EU.
Getting a Spanish License from Scratch
If your country doesn't have an exchange agreement, here's the full process to obtain a Spanish driving license:
Enroll in a Driving School (Autoescuela)
While not mandatory, enrolling in a driving school is highly recommended. They'll handle much of the paperwork and prepare you for the specific Spanish driving test format. Costs vary: €300-800 for theory preparation, €30-50 per practical lesson.
Get Your Medical Certificate
Same as the exchange process - visit an authorized medical center for your health evaluation.
Pass the Theory Test
The Spanish driving theory test consists of 30 multiple-choice questions. You must answer at least 27 correctly (90% pass rate). The test is available in Spanish and English. You have 30 minutes to complete it. This is where AutoviaTest can help you prepare!
Complete Practical Training
Even if you're an experienced driver, you'll need to take some practical lessons to learn Spanish driving conventions. Most people need 10-20 lessons. Your driving school will tell you when you're ready for the test.
Pass the Practical Test
The practical driving test lasts about 25 minutes and takes place in real traffic. The examiner will assess your vehicle control, road positioning, observation, and decision-making. One serious error means automatic failure.
What Does It Cost?
License Exchange (if eligible)
- Medical certificate: €30-50
- DGT processing fee: €28.87
- Total: approximately €60-80
Full License Process
- Driving school enrollment: €300-800
- Medical certificate: €30-50
- Theory test fee: €94.05
- Practical test fee: €93.14
- Practical lessons (15 average): €450-750
- Total: approximately €1,000-1,800
Pro Tips for Success
Start Early
Don't wait until your foreign license expires or your 6-month grace period ends. The process can take several months, especially for the full license route.
Get Documents Apostilled
If exchanging a non-EU license, you may need an apostille on your license or supporting documents. Check requirements for your specific country.
Consider Language Options
The theory test is available in multiple languages including English. Don't let language be a barrier - use AutoviaTest to practice in your preferred language.
Keep Copies of Everything
When you surrender your foreign license, make sure you have copies (front and back). You may need them for insurance or other purposes.
Frequently Asked Questions
Can I drive in Spain with my foreign license?▼
Yes, tourists can drive with a valid foreign license for up to 6 months. If you become a Spanish resident, you have 6 months from your residency date to either exchange your license (if eligible) or obtain a Spanish license.
Do I need an International Driving Permit?▼
If your license is not in Spanish or doesn't use Latin characters, you should carry an International Driving Permit (IDP) or an official translation. EU licenses don't need translation.
What happens to my original license when I exchange it?▼
Your original license will be retained by the DGT and returned to the issuing country. You cannot keep both licenses. Some countries allow you to reclaim your license if you move back.
Can I take the driving test in English?▼
Yes! The theory test is available in several languages including English. The practical test will be conducted in Spanish, but basic instructions are straightforward. Many examiners speak some English.
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