Colombian Driving Licence 2026
The Complete Guide
Everything you need to know about getting your licencia de conduccion in Colombia — RUNT theory test format (~30 questions), training costs COP 500,000-1,500,000, comparendo system, zero BAC tolerance (0.00% since 2013), pico y placa restrictions, SOAT mandatory insurance, and 32 departments plus Bogota DC.
~7,800
Road deaths in Colombia (2024)
Rate ~14 per 100,000 — motorcyclists account for ~50% of fatalities
0.00%
Blood alcohol limit — zero tolerance
Since Ley 1696 de 2013 — strictest in Latin America
COP 500K–1.5M
Licence cost (training + fees)
Varies by city — Bogota tends to be higher
Click any card to copy the stat with source attribution
Key Findings
Approximately 30 multiple-choice questions covering traffic laws, road signs, and safe driving practices. Must pass with at least 80% to proceed. Computer-based test administered at authorized Centros de Ensenanza Automovilistica (CEA). The test covers Codigo Nacional de Transito (Ley 769 de 2002, amended by Ley 2251 de 2022).
Approximately COP 500,000–1,500,000 total including driving school (COP 300,000–900,000), medical and psychotechnical exams (COP 150,000–250,000), RUNT registration fee, and licence issuance. Costs vary significantly by city — Bogota, Medellin, and Cali tend to be higher. Motorcycle licences are generally cheaper.
Approximately 7,800 fatalities in 2024 (~14 per 100,000 population). Motorcyclists account for roughly 50% of all road deaths. Pedestrians represent about 25%. Colombia has one of the higher road fatality rates in Latin America, though it has been gradually declining.
Absolute zero tolerance (0.00% BAC) for ALL drivers since Ley 1696 de 2013. Penalties include licence suspension (1–10 years), vehicle seizure, fines from COP 1,442,000, community service (20–60 hours), and potential criminal charges for injury or death. Colombia is one of the strictest in Latin America.
Colombia uses a comparendo (traffic citation) system. All violations are registered electronically in SIMIT (Sistema Integrado de Informacion sobre Multas y Sanciones por Infracciones de Transito). Fines are measured in SMDLV (salarios minimos diarios legales vigentes). Unpaid comparendos block licence renewal and vehicle registration.
Colombia's road death rate (~14/100K) is higher than Mexico (~12/100K), similar to Brazil (~15/100K), and much higher than Spain (~3.7/100K) or Argentina (~12/100K). Zero BAC is stricter than Mexico (0.08%), Brazil (0.05%), and Spain (0.05%). Pico y placa is a uniquely Colombian traffic management system.
Colombia Road Safety: 3-Year Trend (2022–2024)
Colombia has made gradual progress in road safety, though motorcycle-related fatalities remain the primary challenge. The ANSV (Agencia Nacional de Seguridad Vial) coordinates national road safety strategy under the Plan Nacional de Seguridad Vial 2022–2031. Enhanced enforcement of zero BAC and speed cameras in major cities have contributed to modest improvements.
2022→2023
-2.4%
2023→2024
-2.5%
Deaths per 100,000 Population
Source: WHO Global Status Report on Road Safety, ANSV Colombia. Per-capita rates are estimates and may vary by methodology.
Colombian Theory Test Format#
Computer-based theory test administered at authorized CEA (Centros de Ensenanza Automovilistica) across Colombia
The Colombian driving theory test consists of approximately 30 multiple-choice questions covering the Codigo Nacional de Transito (Ley 769 de 2002, as amended), road signs, safe driving practices, basic mechanics, and first aid. To pass, you must score at least 80%. The test is administered digitally at authorized CEA driving schools. Questions are drawn from the national curriculum established by MinTransporte. All driving schools must be registered with RUNT (Registro Unico Nacional de Transito). The theory component is part of a mandatory training course that also includes practical driving instruction.
Questions
~30 MCQs
From national curriculum
Duration
45 Min
Approx. 1.5 min per question
Pass Mark
80%
~24/30 correct
Test Fee
Included
Part of CEA training package
What the Theory Test Covers
- Colombian traffic signs, signals & road markings
- Right-of-way rules at intersections & roundabouts
- Speed limits by zone and vehicle type
- Prohibited actions & traffic violations (comparendos)
- Pedestrian & cyclist safety rules
- Vehicle inspection (revision tecnico-mecanica)
- SOAT mandatory insurance requirements
- Seatbelt & child restraint regulations
- Emergency procedures & basic first aid
- Environmental regulations & emission controls
- Pico y placa restrictions by city
- Zero BAC tolerance & alcohol penalties
- Mountain road driving & altitude considerations
- Motorcycle-specific rules & safety
- Defensive driving techniques
How to Get Your Colombian Driving Licence#
From driving school enrolment to licencia de conduccion — the complete process
Choose an Authorized CEA
Select a RUNT-registered Centro de Ensenanza Automovilistica (driving school)
Verify the CEA is authorized by MinTransporte and registered in RUNT. Compare prices — they vary significantly. All CEAs must follow the national curriculum.
Pass Medical & Psychotechnical Exams
Complete mandatory health assessments at a CRC (Centro de Reconocimiento de Conductores)
Includes vision test, hearing test, physical coordination, and psychotechnical evaluation. Cost: COP 150,000–250,000. Certificate valid for the licence duration.
Complete Theory Training
Attend the mandatory theory course at your CEA
Covers traffic laws (Codigo Nacional de Transito), road signs, defensive driving, first aid, and environmental awareness. Approximately 30–40 hours.
Pass the Theory Test
Take the computer-based theory exam at the CEA
Approximately 30 questions, must score 80%+. Covers all theory course topics. Can retake if failed.
Complete Practical Training
Log the required practical driving hours with a CEA instructor
Minimum practical hours vary by category. Car (B1): approximately 20–30 hours. Includes road driving, parking, hill starts. Motorcycle (A2): approximately 16 hours.
Pass the Practical Driving Test
Demonstrate driving skills in a closed course and/or road test
Evaluated on vehicle control, traffic rule compliance, and safe driving. Conducted by the CEA.
Register in RUNT & Receive Licence
Complete RUNT registration and receive your licencia de conduccion
Submit all certificates to the local Secretaria de Movilidad or transit authority. RUNT registration fee applies. Licence issued in credit-card format. Valid for 5–10 years depending on age.
Colombian Driving Licence Fees#
Total cost COP 500,000–1,500,000 — varies by city, driving school, and licence category
Prices vary significantly by city and driving school. Bogota and large cities tend to be more expensive. SOAT and revision tecnico-mecanica are ongoing costs, not one-time licence fees. Motorcycle licences are generally 30–50% cheaper than car licences.
Licence Categories & Minimum Age
A1 — Motorcycles up to 125cc
16
years
A2 — Motorcycles over 125cc
18
years
B1 — Cars up to 3,500 kg, max 9 passengers
Most common category
16
years
B2 — Ambulances, emergency vehicles
Special training required
18
years
B3 — Taxis, public transport (up to 9 pax)
Requires B1 + experience
18
years
C1 — Trucks 3,500–7,500 kg
18
years
C2 — Trucks 7,500–10,500 kg
18
years
C3 — Trucks over 10,500 kg + articulated
18
years
Licence Validity Periods
Standard validity since Ley 2251/2022
Medical re-examination required
Annual medical exam required
Stricter medical requirements
Comparendo & Penalty System
- Violations issued as comparendos registered in SIMIT
- Fines measured in SMDLV (daily legal minimum wages)
- Accumulated serious violations lead to licence suspension
- Unpaid comparendos block licence renewal & vehicle registration
- 6 months licence suspension for DUI first offence
SOAT Insurance Requirements
- SOAT (Seguro Obligatorio de Accidentes de Transito) is mandatory for all vehicles
- Must be purchased annually — covers accident victims
- No SOAT = vehicle seized + fine of 30 SMDLV
- Available from authorized insurers (Seguros del Estado, Previsora, etc.)
- Covers medical expenses, funeral costs, and disability for accident victims
Speed Limits in Colombia#
As per Codigo Nacional de Transito (Ley 769/2002, amended) — all speeds in km/h
Colombia's speed limits vary by zone type. In urban residential areas, the limit is 30 km/h. In urban zones, the general limit is 60 km/h for cars. On rural roads, cars are limited to 80 km/h. On autopistas (highways), the maximum is 120 km/h for cars, with some sections posted at 100 km/h. School zones are limited to 30 km/h. Motorcycles follow the same limits. Speed cameras (fotomultas) are widespread in major cities including Bogota, Medellin, and Cali.
| Zone Type | Cars / Light Vehicles | Motorcycles | Trucks / Buses | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Urban residential / School zone | 30 | 30 | 30 | Zonas residenciales y escolares |
| Urban general | 60 | 60 | 60 | Vias urbanas generales |
| Rural roads | 80 | 80 | 80 | Carreteras secundarias |
| Highway (autopista) | 100 | 100 | 80 | Autopistas nacionales |
| Highway (fast sections) | 120 | 120 | 100 | Autopistas 4G / troncales |
Urban residential / School zone
30
Cars
30
Motos
30
Heavy
Zonas residenciales y escolares
Urban general
60
Cars
60
Motos
60
Heavy
Vias urbanas generales
Rural roads
80
Cars
80
Motos
80
Heavy
Carreteras secundarias
Highway (autopista)
100
Cars
100
Motos
80
Heavy
Autopistas nacionales
Highway (fast sections)
120
Cars
120
Motos
100
Heavy
Autopistas 4G / troncales
Posted speed signs always take precedence over general limits. Speed cameras (fotomultas) are widespread in Bogota, Medellin, Cali, and Barranquilla. Fines for exceeding the limit by 20+ km/h can reach 15 SMDLV. School zone limits apply within 200m of educational institutions.
Traffic Fines & Comparendos#
Fines measured in SMDLV (Salario Minimo Diario Legal Vigente) — 1 SMDLV = COP ~46,100 in 2026
Colombia's traffic fine system uses comparendos (citations) registered electronically in SIMIT. Fines are measured in SMDLV (daily minimum wages). As of 2026, 1 SMDLV is approximately COP 46,100. Fines range from 4 SMDLV for minor infractions to 45 SMDLV for serious violations. DUI under zero tolerance results in automatic licence suspension, vehicle seizure, and fines. Speed cameras (fotomultas) are increasingly common in major cities. Unpaid comparendos prevent licence renewal and vehicle registration transfer.
| Violation | Fine (SMDLV) | Approx. COP | Additional Penalty |
|---|---|---|---|
| Running red light | 15 | ~692K | Immobilization |
| DUI — any detectable BAC | 45 | ~2.1M | Suspension + seizure |
| Speeding 20+ km/h over | 15 | ~692K | Immobilization |
| Speeding 10–20 km/h over | 8 | ~369K | — |
| Using phone while driving | 8 | ~369K | — |
| No seatbelt | 8 | ~369K | — |
| No SOAT insurance | 30 | ~1.4M | Vehicle seized |
| Expired revision tecnico-mecanica | 8 | ~369K | Immobilization |
| Violating pico y placa | 15 | ~692K | Varies by city |
| No helmet (motorcycle) | 15 | ~692K | Immobilization |
| Driving without licence | 30 | ~1.4M | Vehicle seized |
| Passing in prohibited zone | 15 | ~692K | Immobilization |
Running red light
Additional Penalty: Immobilization
DUI — any detectable BAC
Additional Penalty: Suspension + seizure
Speeding 20+ km/h over
Additional Penalty: Immobilization
Speeding 10–20 km/h over
Additional Penalty: —
Using phone while driving
Additional Penalty: —
No seatbelt
Additional Penalty: —
No SOAT insurance
Additional Penalty: Vehicle seized
Expired revision tecnico-mecanica
Additional Penalty: Immobilization
Violating pico y placa
Additional Penalty: Varies by city
No helmet (motorcycle)
Additional Penalty: Immobilization
Driving without licence
Additional Penalty: Vehicle seized
Passing in prohibited zone
Additional Penalty: Immobilization
SMDLV value for 2026: approximately COP 46,100 (based on salario minimo of COP 1,423,500/month). DUI penalties per Ley 1696/2013 include licence suspension (1–10 years), vehicle seizure, community service (20–60 hours), and potential criminal charges. Fotomulta (speed camera) fines are delivered electronically.
Know These Rules Before Your Theory Test
Traffic fines, speed limits, and the comparendo system are heavily tested in the Colombian driving theory exam. Practice with real exam-style questions.
Start Practicing for FreeImportant Driving Rules in Colombia
Drive on the Right
Colombia uses right-hand traffic. Overtake on the left. At roundabouts, traffic already in the roundabout has priority. Left-turning vehicles must yield to oncoming traffic.
Zero BAC Tolerance
Absolute zero tolerance (0.00% BAC) for ALL drivers since Ley 1696 de 2013. Penalties include licence suspension (1–10 years), vehicle seizure, fines from COP 1,442,000, and 20–60 hours of community service. Criminal charges if injury or death results.
SOAT Mandatory Insurance
Seguro Obligatorio de Accidentes de Transito (SOAT) must be purchased annually for every vehicle. Covers accident victims' medical expenses, disability, and funeral costs. No SOAT = vehicle seized + 30 SMDLV fine.
Pico y Placa Restrictions
Major cities (Bogota, Medellin, Cali, Barranquilla) enforce pico y placa — driving restrictions based on licence plate number and day of the week. Check local rules as they vary by city and change periodically.
Mandatory Helmet Law
Helmets mandatory for all motorcycle riders and passengers. Must be DOT/NTC-certified with chin strap fastened. Reflective vest also required for motorcycle riders. Fine: 15 SMDLV + vehicle immobilization for non-compliance.
Seatbelts & Child Seats
Seatbelts mandatory for all occupants (front and rear). Children under 10 must ride in the back seat. Children under 2 must use approved child safety seats. Fine: 8 SMDLV for non-compliance.
Phone Use Prohibited
Handheld phone use prohibited while driving. Hands-free devices are permitted. Fine: 8 SMDLV. Even holding a phone at a red light can result in a comparendo.
Revision Tecnico-Mecanica
Annual vehicle inspection (revision tecnico-mecanica) is mandatory for all vehicles 6+ years old. New vehicles are exempt for the first 6 years. Covers emissions, brakes, lights, suspension. Fine for expired: 8 SMDLV + immobilization.
Headlights on Highways
Headlights must be on at all times on rural roads and highways (autopistas), day and night. Motorcycles must always have headlights on regardless of road type. Fine: 4 SMDLV.
Common Road Hazards in Colombia
~7,800 road fatalities in 2024 — know these hazards to stay safe on Colombian roads
Motorcycle Traffic
Motorcycles represent over 50% of registered vehicles and are involved in ~50% of fatal crashes. Lane splitting, weaving, and running red lights are common — especially in cities like Bogota and Medellin
Mountain Roads
Colombia's Andean geography means many roads have steep gradients, hairpin turns, and sudden fog. The road from Bogota to Bucaramanga and the Ruta del Sol feature challenging mountain passes
Landslides & Flooding
Heavy rains (especially April-May and October-November) trigger landslides (derrumbes) that block roads for hours or days. Flash flooding in low-lying areas is common
Unpaved Roads
Only about 25% of Colombia's road network is paved. Rural roads (especially in Choco, Putumayo, Amazonas) can be impassable during rainy season
Aggressive Driving
Aggressive driving, tailgating, and improper overtaking are common, especially by buses and trucks on mountain roads. Defensive driving is essential
Pedestrians & Animals
In rural and semi-urban areas, pedestrians, cyclists, horse carts, and livestock on the road are common — particularly after dark when visibility is poor
Colombia's Key Departments & Cities
Driving licence administration is handled by the Secretaria de Movilidad or Secretaria de Transito in each of 32 departments plus Bogota DC
| Department / District | Type | Capital | Population |
|---|---|---|---|
| Bogota D.C. | District | Bogota | 7.9M |
| Antioquia | Department | Medellin | 6.9M |
| Valle del Cauca | Department | Cali | 4.8M |
| Atlantico | Department | Barranquilla | 2.7M |
| Cundinamarca | Department | Bogota | 3.2M |
| Santander | Department | Bucaramanga | 2.3M |
| Bolivar | Department | Cartagena | 2.2M |
| Norte de Santander | Department | Cucuta | 1.6M |
| Tolima | Department | Ibague | 1.4M |
| Boyaca | Department | Tunja | 1.3M |
Bogota D.C.
Bogota · 7.9M
Antioquia
Medellin · 6.9M
Valle del Cauca
Cali · 4.8M
Atlantico
Barranquilla · 2.7M
Cundinamarca
Bogota · 3.2M
Santander
Bucaramanga · 2.3M
Bolivar
Cartagena · 2.2M
Norte de Santander
Cucuta · 1.6M
Tolima
Ibague · 1.4M
Boyaca
Tunja · 1.3M
Colombia has 32 departments plus the Capital District of Bogota DC. Driving licence testing and issuance is administered by local transit authorities (Secretaria de Movilidad/Transito). Fees and procedures may vary slightly by jurisdiction. All licences are registered centrally in RUNT.
Emergency Numbers
All toll-free, available 24/7. {number} is the single national emergency number.
123
National Emergency (Policia)
119
Fire Department (Bomberos)
132
Ambulance / Red Cross
144
Civil Defence (Defensa Civil)
#767
Transit Police (Policia de Transito)
Common Misconceptions About Driving in Colombia#
Myth: You can have one beer and still legally drive in Colombia
Fact: Colombia has absolute zero tolerance (0.00% BAC) since 2013. Even trace amounts of alcohol result in licence suspension, vehicle seizure, and fines starting at COP 1,442,000. This is one of the strictest policies in the Americas.
Myth: Pico y placa is the same in all Colombian cities
Fact: Each city sets its own pico y placa rules. Bogota, Medellin, Cali, and Barranquilla all have different schedules, plate number restrictions, hours, and exemptions. Always check local rules when traveling between cities.
Myth: You do not need SOAT if you drive carefully
Fact: SOAT is mandatory for ALL registered vehicles regardless of driving record. It covers third-party accident victims, not your own vehicle. Driving without valid SOAT results in vehicle seizure plus a 30 SMDLV fine (~COP 1.4 million).
Myth: Speed cameras (fotomultas) can be contested easily
Fact: Fotomultas are legally binding and difficult to contest. They are registered automatically in SIMIT and must be paid within 5 business days for a 50% discount, or within 30 days at full price. Unpaid fines accumulate interest and block licence/vehicle procedures.
Myth: An international driving permit is sufficient to drive long-term in Colombia
Fact: An IDP or valid foreign licence is accepted for tourists for up to 3–6 months depending on visa type. After establishing residency (cedula de extranjeria), you must obtain a Colombian licence. Some rental companies may require a Colombian licence regardless.
Myth: Motorcycles do not need the revision tecnico-mecanica
Fact: ALL motor vehicles including motorcycles must pass the annual revision tecnico-mecanica after the first 6 years. Motorcycles are inspected at authorized CDAs (Centros de Diagnostico Automotor). Fine: 8 SMDLV + immobilization.
Recent Changes to Colombian Driving Laws#
Key regulatory updates affecting drivers in Colombia
Electric vehicle incentives expanded
Enhanced tax exemptions and reduced SOAT rates for electric and hybrid vehicles. Bogota exempts EVs from pico y placa permanently. Government aims for 600,000 EVs by 2030.
RUNT digital licence pilot
MinTransporte pilots digital driving licence accessible via RUNT app. Physical card remains valid but digital version accepted for most purposes. Full rollout expected 2027.
Ley 2251 — Codigo de Transito reform
Major reform of the Codigo Nacional de Transito: increased fines for DUI and speeding, mandatory child seats, enhanced cyclist protections, and updated licence validity periods (10 years for under-60s).
Plan Nacional de Seguridad Vial 2022–2031
ANSV launched 10-year road safety plan targeting 50% reduction in road fatalities by 2031. Focus on vulnerable road users (motorcyclists, pedestrians, cyclists).
Ley 1951 — Enhanced road safety enforcement
Strengthened penalties for aggressive driving and homicide by vehicle. Required speed limiters on public transport vehicles. Mandatory SOAT verification at fotomulta cameras.
Ley 1696 — Zero BAC tolerance enacted
Absolute zero tolerance for blood alcohol (0.00% BAC) for all drivers. Made Colombia one of few countries in the Americas with complete zero-tolerance policy. Penalties include automatic licence suspension, vehicle seizure, and community service.
How Colombia Compares Globally#
Colombia's driving regulations compared to other countries — data compiled from official government sources
| Parameter | Colombia | Mexico | Brazil | Argentina | Spain |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| BAC Limit | 0.00% | 0.08% | 0.05% | 0.05% | 0.05% |
| Min. Age (Car) | 16/18 | 18 | 18 | 17 | 18 |
| Driving Side | Right | Right | Right | Right | Right |
| Highway Speed | 120 | 110 | 110 | 130 | 120 |
| Test Questions | ~30 | ~20 | 30 | ~30 | 30 |
| Licence Cost | ~COP 1M | ~$2,000 MXN | ~R$2,500 | ~$10,000 ARS | ~€1,500 |
| Road Deaths/yr | ~7,800 | ~16,000 | ~33,000 | ~5,500 | ~1,800 |
| Deaths/100K | ~14.0 | ~12.0 | ~15.0 | ~12.0 | ~3.7 |
Strictest in the region — absolute zero for all drivers. Mexico 0.08%, Brazil 0.05%, Argentina 0.05%, Spain 0.05%.
16 with restrictions, 18 for full licence. Mexico 18, Brazil 18, Argentina 17, Spain 18.
Same as Spain. Mexico 110, Brazil 110, Argentina 130 km/h.
Approximately $250 USD total. Mexico ~$100, Brazil ~$500, Argentina ~$50, Spain ~$1,500.
~14 per 100K. Mexico ~16K (~12/100K), Brazil ~33K (~15/100K), Argentina ~5.5K (~12/100K), Spain ~1.8K (~3.7/100K).
Road deaths: Colombia ~7,800 (ANSV 2024 est.), Mexico ~16,000 (INEGI 2023), Brazil ~33,000 (DATASUS 2023), Argentina ~5,500 (ANSV-AR 2023), Spain ~1,800 (DGT 2023). Per-capita rates from WHO and national sources. Costs are approximate and vary by region.
Sources & Methodology
Primary Sources
- Codigo Nacional de Transito — Ley 769/2002 (amended) — Congreso de Colombia
- Ley 1696/2013 — Zero BAC tolerance — Congreso de Colombia
- Ley 2251/2022 — Transit code reform — Congreso de Colombia
- ANSV — Road safety statistics — Agencia Nacional de Seguridad Vial
- WHO Global Status Report on Road Safety — World Health Organization
- RUNT — National Transit Registry — MinTransporte
Verification Methodology
Every fact on this page has been cross-referenced against at least two authoritative sources. Our process:
- Primary data collected from Colombian legislation and government decrees
- Cross-verified against MinTransporte data, ANSV reports, and WHO global data
- Regional variations noted where applicable (fees and pico y placa rules differ by city)
- Page reviewed and fact-checked on {date}
If you find an error, please contact us so we can correct it immediately.
Frequently Asked Questions
How much does a driving licence cost in Colombia?
What is the Colombian theory test format?
What is the blood alcohol limit in Colombia?
What are the speed limits in Colombia?
What are the emergency numbers in Colombia?
What is pico y placa?
What is SOAT and is it mandatory?
Can foreigners drive in Colombia?
What is the minimum driving age in Colombia?
How long is a Colombian driving licence valid?
What is the revision tecnico-mecanica?
What documents must I carry while driving in Colombia?
How do fotomultas (speed cameras) work in Colombia?
Is Bogota bicycle-friendly?
What are comparendos and how does SIMIT work?
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Use the following citations when referencing this article in academic papers, journalism, or reports.
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Ready to Pass Your Colombian Driving Test?
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Pawan Priyadarshi
Founder & Chief Engineer
Data sourced from Colombian legislation (Ley 769/2002, Ley 1696/2013, Ley 2251/2022), MinTransporte, ANSV, RUNT, and WHO. Cross-referenced with multiple authoritative sources for accuracy.
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